A Gen-Z supported system definitely will have Memory Management Unit (MMU). Processor MMU will be attached with DDR protocol engine and Gen-Z protocol engine. Further Gen-Z protocol can retrieve data from DRAM, SCM, DRAM + SCM or DRAM + Flash devices. A media controller supporting different media types and mix illustrates a variety of Gen-Z memory modules that support any type and mix of media types including DRAM, SCM, and Flash. Media is abstracted through the Component Media Structure which describes the memory component’s attributes and capabilities, and controls its operation.

This paper explores the requirements and desirable design characteristics that High Availability extensions to the NVM.PM.FILE mode of the SNIA NVM Programming Model might impose on high-speed networking.

Over the past few years a number of new protocols have been devised to coherently connect the various memories in a computing system: OpenCAPI, CXL, and GenZ. In some cases these efforts have spawned other new ideas like OMI. What are all of these? How did they come into being? Why do they make sense? And how do they compare against one another?